Wednesday, July 10, 2013

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Stress has always been a problematic issue both in our daily lives and working environments due to its expanding influences on the psychological and physical ability of human beings. However, this matter has not been viewed among people in a scientific way as a global disease. This essay will give some basic insights about the foundation of stress and how scientists think about it.

When it comes to doing research on a scientific subject, it is crucial that one takes every possibility into account. Stress is not an exception. There are many ways to analyse the matter, its causes and consequences, its relating influences and even the smallest symptoms of the disease. The first analysis of stress roots from the biological background. According to Wikipedia, “Biology primarily attempts to explain major concepts of stress using a stimulus-response paradigm, broadly comparable to how a psychobiological sensory system operates”. This has been a subject of debate whether these mechanisms are the reactions of bodies to stressors or the act of stress itself, but generally the analysis has been focused on the function of the brain, more particularly the neurons, in enduring and solving stress. One vital factor contributing to this study is to find the locations inside the brain in which stress is coped with and reacted to.

The type of scientific analysis of stress can be divided into two main branches: neuroanatomy and neurochemistry. While one concentrates on the regions of the brain and give explanations on their relations to stress management, the other goes further into the chemical processes of the nervous system to create hormones under stressful conditions. With neuroanatomy, stress can be seen as a stimulator for “several important brain structures implicated in playing key roles in stress response pathways”. A few among which are “hypothalamus” ( “…help link together the body’s nervous and endocrine systems”; “stimulates the body’s pituitary gland and initiates a heavily regulated stress response pathways”), “amygdala” (“play an important role in memory formation”; “susceptible to damage brought upon by chronic stress”), “Locus coeruleus”, “Raphe nucleus”, “spinal cord”, “pituitary gland” and “adrenal gland”. All of these structures are responsible for the reactions to stress.
All of these structures are responsible for the reactions to stress.

The second branch is the neurochemistry which indicates the way our bodies create chemical elements to cope with stress. Most of these elements are related to the central nervous system as well as its influence towards other organs of the bodies by controlling their actions through hormones. The most popular chemical elements recorded to be relevant to stress management of human beings include: corticotropin-releasing hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, norepinephrine, serotonin, etc. These hormones are responsible for creating energy and therefore form responses to stress.
The hormones are responsible for creating energy and therefore form responses to stress.

Although it is not assuredly confirm that these are the main organs which directly affect the progress of stress coping in human’s body, these theories are widely accepted among scientist as analyses of the way we deal with stress everyday. It is the question of time whether it will take us long to find the final answer on how to fight against stress based on this scientific explanation.

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